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1.
Archiv. med. fam. gen. (En línea) ; 18(1): 12-20, mar. 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, InstitutionalDB, BINACIS, UNISALUD | ID: biblio-1292666

ABSTRACT

Estimar la frecuencia de cuadro de vías aéreas superiores (CVAS) como motivo de consulta no programada, describir el proceso de atención y explorar la variación tras la implementación de una nueva estrategia de gestión para la atención, así como el efecto en los indicadores de calidad y seguridad de atención. Cohorte retrospectiva que incluyó consultas por CVAS entre 01/01/2015 y 31/12/2016 de Demanda Espontánea (consultas de baja complejidad de la Central de Emergencia de Adultos), en el Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. La prevalencia global del período 2015-2016 resultó 12,01% (21.581/179.597). La intervención múltiple, resultó efectiva en términos de disminución de estudios complementarios (19% antes y 17% después con p=0,001), disminución de laboratorios (9% antes y 8% después con p=0,009), y reducción del tiempo de atención (media de 51 minutos antes y 42 minutos después, con p=0,001). No hubo diferencias significativas en la incidencia acumulada de reconsultas a los 7 días (12,72% antes y 13,11% después con p=0,400) ni en la tasa de internaciones a los 7 días (0,42% antes y 0,38% después con p=0,651) desde la consulta índice (primer consulta en guardia). En un sistema sobresaturado, se requiere fortalecer los sistemas de atención primaria que conforman la puerta de entrada de la salud para garantizar la correcta utilización de los recursos disponibles, la solicitud de estudios apropiados y la indicación correcta de antibióticos. Muchas lecciones aprendidas facilitaron la organización y la reestructuración necesarias durante la pandemia COVID-19 (AU)


To estimate upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) frequency as a reason for unscheduled consultation, to describe the care process and to explore the variation after the implementation of a new management strategy for care, as well as the effect on quality and security indicators of care. Retrospective cohort which included consecutive consultations by URTI between 01/01/2015 and 12/31/2016 for ambulatory clinic (low complexity consultations at the Emergency Department), at the Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. The prevalence for the period 2015-2016 was 12.01% (21,581/179,597). The multiple intervention was effective in terms of reduction of complementary studies (19% before and 17% after; p =0.001), reduction of laboratories (9% before and 8% after; p=0.009), and reduction of attention time (mean of 51 minutes before and 42 minutes after; p=0.001). During the follow up, there were no significant differences in the cumulative incidence of reconsultations at 7 days (12.72% before and 13.11% after; p=0.400) or in the rate of hospitalizations at 7 days (0.42% before and 0.38% after; p=0.651) from the index consultation. In an overcrowded system, it is necessary to strengthen the primary care systems that make up the gateway to health to guarantee the correct use of available resources, the request for appropriate studies and the correct indication of antibiotics. Many lessons learned facilitated the organization and restructuring of the Emergency Department needed during the COVID-19 pandemic (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Respiratory Tract Infections , Triage/organization & administration , Ambulatory Care/organization & administration , Primary Health Care
2.
Med. infant ; 27(2): 162-168, Diciembre 2020. ilus, Tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS, UNISALUD, LILACS | ID: biblio-1150600

ABSTRACT

El triage hospitalario en los servicios de urgencias es un proceso de valoración clínica preliminar. Permite clasificar a los pacientes según su nivel de urgencia y no por orden de llegada. Prioriza la asistencia de los pacientes graves. Organiza la atención de acuerdo a la demanda, los recursos físicos y humanos disponibles. Debe incluir protocolos que definan la clasificación del nivel de urgencia, los tiempos de asistencia y reevaluación, las intervenciones que se pueden ejecutar en el sector y el registro de las actuaciones. La clasificación del nivel de urgencia se define mediante el triángulo de evaluación pediátrica, el problema principal, las constantes vitales y la consideración de modificadores o alertas. Aunque resulta imprescindible, su uso no está uinversalmente difundido(AU)


At emergency departments, triage is the process of initial clinical assessment. It allows for the classification of patients based on their level of emergency regardless of order of arrival. It prioritizes care for severe patients and organizes care according to the demand and available physical and human resources. The triage should include protocols that define classification of the level of urgency, necessary times for care and reassessment, interventions that may be performed in the area, and recording of the activities. The level of emergency is classified based on the triad of pediatric assessment, consisting of the main complaint, vital signs, and consideration of modifiers or alerts. Although essential, it is not universally used (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Severity of Illness Index , Triage/methods , Triage/organization & administration , Emergency Service, Hospital/organization & administration
3.
Bol. malariol. salud ambient ; 60(2): 101-105, dic.2020. tab.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1509621

ABSTRACT

El Covid 19 es un coronavirus que afecta directamente al sistema respiratorio, es de un elevado nivel de contagio, provocando que los hospitales han visto desbordado sus servicios de emergencia. El área de triage que atiende la unidad de emergencia pediátrica del hospital General Puyo, no escapa a esta realidad. Es por ello que el presente estudio tiene como fin establecer el nivel de conocimiento que presenta el personal de enfermería que labora en el área de triage sobre los procedimientos de clasificación de los pacientes en medio de la pandemia del Covid 19. El estudio fue descriptivo, de corte transversal. La técnica que se utilizó para la recolección de datos es la encuesta. Como instrumento se utilizó un cuestionario dicotómico aplicado a 21 enfermeras del Hospital Provincial General Puyo que desempeñan funciones en el servicio de emergencia. En conclusión, que el área de la emergencia pediátrica referida al triage de emergencia, le debe crear un mayor compromiso al personal de enfermería por mejorar su conocimiento sobre el nivel de atención que posee cada paciente y más aún él era de pediatría que es el sector más indefenso porque muchas veces no saben expresar que es lo que está sintiendo. Resalando finalmente, que durante el , desarrollo de esa investigación, se cumplieron las normas éticas establecidas por la OMS y OPS para el abordaje de pacientes positivo covid-19(AU)


Covid 19 is a coronavirus that directly affects the respiratory system, it is of a high level of contagion for this reason, hospitals have seen their emergency services overwhelmed, in this sense the triage area that attends the pediatric emergency unit of the hospital General Puyo, does not escape this reality. That is why the present study aims to establish the level of knowledge presented by the nursing staff working in the triage area about the procedures for classifying patients in the midst of the Covid 19 pandemic. The study was descriptive, cross-sectional. the technique used for data collection is the survey. The instrument used was a dichotomous questionnaire applied to 21 nurses from the Puyo Provincial General Hospital who perform functions in the emergency service. In conclusion, that the pediatric emergency area, referring to emergency triage, should create a greater commitment to the nursing staff to improve their knowledge about the level of care that each patient has and even more so he was pediatric, which is the sector more defenseless because many times they do not know how to express what they are feeling(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Pediatrics/organization & administration , Triage/organization & administration , Pediatric Emergency Medicine/organization & administration , COVID-19/epidemiology , Argentina
4.
Brasília; Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde; abr. 6, 2020. 12 p.
Non-conventional in Spanish, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1096108

ABSTRACT

A área de triagem possibilita uma avaliação clínica rápida dos pacientes com sintomas respiratórios, para detectar casos que preencham os critérios para internação ou encaminhamento para outro nível de atenção. Principais características: A área de triagem de pacientes com sintomas respiratórios fica localizada em uma unidade de saúde, ou próxima a uma unidade de saúde, e seu objetivo é garantir: (i) a identificação precoce de pacientes com sinais e sintomas de doença respiratória aguda grave; (ii) o isolamento da possível fonte, com a implantação de medidas de controle e prevenção de infecções; e (iii) redução do risco de transmissão hospitalar do agente infeccioso. A área de triagem pode ser instalada em estruturas móveis (tendas, contêineres) ou em estruturas dentro da unidade de saúde designadas e reorganizadas para este fim. As equipes de saúde de emergência podem utilizar as áreas de triagem em colaboração com as unidades de saúde. Essa área de triagem deve funcionar 24 horas por dia, sete dias por semana, e deve ter capacidade de expansão suficiente para atender a demanda por seus serviços. Considerações especiais: A triagem de pacientes com sintomas respiratórios é organizada de acordo com as necessidades e o contexto da unidade de saúde, considerando as ações necessárias para prevenir a transmissão da doença entre pacientes, familiares e profissionais da saúde. Um sistema de encaminhamento deve ser implantado para garantir que os pacientes sejam imediatamente encaminhados ao destino apropriado (internação hospitalar, tratamento ambulatorial, transferência ou domicílio), minimizando o risco de transmissão.


El área de detección permite una evaluación clínica rápida de pacientes con síntomas respiratorios, para detectar casos que cumplen con los criterios de hospitalización o derivación a otro nivel de atención. Características principales: El área de detección para pacientes con síntomas respiratorios se encuentra en una unidad de salud, o cerca de una unidad de salud, y su objetivo es asegurar: (i) la identificación temprana de pacientes con signos y síntomas de enfermedad respiratoria aguda serio (ii) el aislamiento de la posible fuente, con la implementación de medidas de prevención y control de infecciones; y (iii) reducir el riesgo de transmisión hospitalaria del agente infeccioso. El área de detección puede instalarse en estructuras móviles (carpas, contenedores) o en estructuras dentro de la unidad de salud designada y reorganizada para este propósito. Los equipos de salud de emergencia pueden usar las áreas de detección en colaboración con las unidades de salud. Esta área de clasificación debe operar las 24 horas del día, los siete días de la semana, y debe tener suficiente capacidad de expansión para satisfacer la demanda de sus servicios. Consideraciones especiales: la detección de pacientes con síntomas respiratorios se organiza de acuerdo con las necesidades y el contexto de la unidad de salud, considerando las acciones necesarias para prevenir la transmisión de la enfermedad entre pacientes, familiares y profesionales de la salud. Se debe establecer un sistema de derivación para garantizar que los pacientes sean remitidos de inmediato al destino apropiado (ingreso hospitalario, tratamiento ambulatorio, traslado u hogar), minimizando el riesgo de transmisión.


Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Isolation/instrumentation , Patient Isolation/organization & administration , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/nursing , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/prevention & control , Signs and Symptoms, Respiratory , Triage/organization & administration
5.
Medwave ; 20(8): e8012, 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1128651

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Establecer recomendaciones para la toma de decisiones de manejo en radioterapia durante la pandemia de COVID-19, adaptadas a un país con recursos de salud limitados. MÉTODOS: A través de una revisión rápida de la literatura se buscaron publicaciones que describieran medidas para reducir el riesgo de infección por COVID-19, así como también pautas de manejo para reducir la carga de trabajo en las unidades de radioterapia. Se incluyeron en el alcance de esta revisión las siguientes patologías: tumores ginecológicos, cáncer de mama, tumores gastrointestinales, tumores genitourinarios, tumores de cabeza y cuello, cáncer de piel, tumores del sistema nervioso central y linfomas. Un grupo de expertos discutió en línea los datos extraídos y redactó las recomendaciones. Mediante un método Delphi modificado, se evaluó el consenso entre 14 radio-oncólogos certificados. Se evaluó la calidad de la evidencia que sustentó las recomendaciones sobre esquemas de tratamiento. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron un total de 57 documentos. De 25 trabajos se extrajeron las estrategias para reducir el riesgo de infección. De los restantes, se obtuvieron las recomendaciones para cada patología. Las recomendaciones están orientadas a establecer escenarios específicos donde se pueden omitir, diferir, priorizar y acortar los tratamientos. En el ítem de acortar se recomiendan esquemas de tratamiento para cada patología, priorizando los esquemas hipofraccionados cuando fue posible. CONCLUSIÓN: Se plantean estrategias para la gestión de los servicios de radioterapia con el objetivo de garantizar que los tratamientos de alta calidad para pacientes oncológicos sigan entregándose, pese a la crisis sanitaria ocasionada por COVID-19.


OBJECTIVE: To generate recommendations on the management of radiotherapeutic treatments during the pandemic, adapted to a country with limited health resources. METHODS: We did a rapid review of the literature, searching for papers that describe any measures to reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection, as well as management guidelines to reduce the workload, in radiotherapy units. The following conditions were included in the scope of this review: gynecological tumors, breast cancer, gastrointestinal tumors, genitourinary tumors, head and neck tumors, skin cancer, tumors of the central nervous system, and lymphomas. An expert group discussed online the extracted data and drafted the recommendations. Using a modified Delphi method, the consensus was reached among 14 certificated radio-oncologists. The quality of the evidence that supported the recommendations on treatment schedules was assessed. RESULTS: A total of 57 documents were included. Of these, 25 provided strategies to reduce the risk of infection. Recommendations for each condiction were extracted from the remaining documents. The recommendations aim to establish specific parameters where treatments can be omitted, deferred, prioritized, and shortened. Treatment schemes are recommended for each condition, prioritizing hypo-fractionated schemes whenever possible. CONCLUSIONS: We propose strategies for the management of radiotherapy services to guarantee the continuity of high-quality treatments despite the health crisis caused by COVID-19.


Subject(s)
Humans , Workload , Radiation Oncology/statistics & numerical data , Consensus , Developing Countries/statistics & numerical data , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19/epidemiology , Palliative Care/organization & administration , Disinfection/methods , Hygiene/standards , Triage/organization & administration , Delphi Technique , Radiation Oncology/organization & administration , Pandemics/prevention & control , Personal Protective Equipment , COVID-19/prevention & control , Health Physics , Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Occupational Diseases/veterinary
6.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-968436

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a tendência das internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária e sua relação com a cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família. MÉTODOS: Estudo ecológico de séries temporais utilizando registros do Sistema de Informação Hospitalar referentes ao período de 2005 a 2015, com dados para o estado de Goiás. As análises de tendência foram realizadas por regressão linear generalizada pelo método de Prais-Winsten com variância robusta, que permitiu verificar se a tendência de internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária foi estacionária (p > 0,05), declinante (p < 0,05 e coeficiente de regressão negativo) ou ascendente (p < 0,05 e coeficiente de regressão positivo) em cada região de Goiás e por grupo diagnóstico estratificado por sexo. A correlação de Pearson foi utilizada para verificar o grau de associação entre cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família e a taxa de internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária. RESULTADOS: As internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária foram responsáveis por 1.092.070 (30,0%) internações em Goiás. A taxa média de internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária foi estaticamente menor que a taxa por outras condições no período analisado (167,6% versus 386,2%; t = −13,18; p < 0,001). Verificou-se uma tendência decrescente das taxas de internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária em Goiás e na maioria das regiões de saúde. As tendências variaram entre os sexos nos grupos de causas. Observou-se correlação negativa entre a cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família e a taxa de internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária no estado e também na maioria das regiões de saúde. CONCLUSÕES: As internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária tiveram tendência de redução significativa ao longo do período analisado. Apesar dessa diminuição progressiva, essa taxa permanece elevada e a tendência de redução não foi linear para todas as causas. Estes resultados possibilitam direcionar políticas públicas, ao desenhar um panorama geral das internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária por sexo e região no estado.(AU)


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the trend of hospitalizations due to primary care sensitive conditions and its relationship with the Family Health Strategy coverage. METHODS: Ecological study of time series using the records from the Hospital Information System, from 2005 to 2015, with data for the state of Goiás, Brazil. Trend analyses were performed by the generalized linear regression method of Prais-Winsten with robust variance, which allowed to verify if the trend of hospitalizations due to primary care sensitive conditions was stationary (p > 0.05), declining (p < 0.05 and negative regression coefficient), or ascending (p < 0.05 and positive regression coefficient) in each region of Goiás and for each diagnosis group, stratified by sex. Pearson correlation was used to verify the degree of association between the Family Health Strategy coverage and the rate of hospitalizations due to primary care sensitive conditions. RESULTS: Hospitalizations due to primary care sensitive conditions accounted for 1,092,070 (30.0%) of hospitalizations in Goiás. The average hospitalizations rate due to primary care sensitive conditions was statically less than the rate for other conditions in the analyzed period (167.6% against 386.2%; t = −13.18; p < 0.001). There has been a downward trend in hospitalizations trend due to primary care sensitive conditions in Goiás and in most health regions. The trends varied between sexes in the groups of causes. We observed a negative correlation between the Family Health Strategy coverage and the hospitalizations trend due to primary care sensitive conditions in the state and also in most health regions. CONCLUSIONS: Hospitalizations due to primary care sensitive conditions had a significant reduction trend over the analyzed period. Despite this progressive decrease, this rate remains high and the reduction trend was not linear for all causes. These results allow for directing public policies, while drawing a general overview of hospitalizations due to primary care sensitive conditions by sex and region in the state.(AU)


Subject(s)
Primary Health Care/organization & administration , Triage/organization & administration , Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation , Basic Health Services , Brazil , Ecological Studies
7.
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1258696

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Triage is the process of determining the priority of patients' treatments based on the severity of their conditions. The aim of the present study was to survey the effect of triage video podcasting on the knowledge and performance of pre-hospital students. Methods: Sixty pre-hospital students were randomly divided into two groups of a 30-subject control group and a 30-subject intervention group. A pre-test was administered among all students. Afterwards, for the first group, triage education was offered through lectures using PowerPoint, while for the second group, audio and video podcasts tailored for this training program were employed. Right after the training as well as one month later, post-tests were run for both groups, and the results were analysed using an independent t-test and covariance.R Results : No significant difference was observed between the effects of both types of education on knowledge and performance, either immediately, or one month after training. Discussion: We suggest that video podcasts are ready to replace traditional teaching methods in triage


Subject(s)
Emergency Medical Services , South Africa , Students, Medical/education , Triage/organization & administration , Triage/statistics & numerical data , Triage/supply & distribution
9.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 88(1): 107-112, 2017. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-844588

ABSTRACT

El triaje en el departamento de urgencias clasifica a los pacientes en niveles según prioridad en la atención. Los neonatos constituyen una población vulnerable y requieren una rápida evaluación. Objetivo: Correlacionar los niveles de prioridad en neonatos que consultan en el departamento de urgencias pediátricas con la hospitalización, consumo de recursos y tiempos de atención. Pacientes y Método: Estudio observacional, utilizando la base de datos del modelo andorrano de triaje (MAT-SET) con el software ePATV4 en las urgencias pediátricas. Se incluyó a neonatos clasificados en los 3 niveles de atención establecida: nivel i resucitación, nivel ii emergencia y nivel iii urgencia. Se analizó la correlación entre los niveles de prioridad, la hospitalización y el consumo de recursos. Además, se analizaron los tiempos de atención médica y estadía en urgencias. Resultados: Se incluyeron 1.103 neonatos. Se encontró que el mayor nivel de prioridad se correlacionó positivamente con la hospitalización (r = 0,66; p < 0,005) y con el consumo de recursos (r = 0,59; p < 0,005). Los tiempos de atención fueron 126 ± 203, 51 ± 119 y 33 ± 81 min para los niveles i, ii, y iii, respectivamente y los de estadía 150 ± 203, 80 ± 131 y 55 ± 86 min, respectivamente para dichos niveles (p < 0,05). Conclusiones: El mayor nivel de prioridad en la atención de los neonatos en la urgencia pediátrica se correlacionó positivamente con una mayor necesidad de hospitalización y consumo de recursos. Además, requirieron mayor tiempo de atención y estadía en la urgencia.


The triage system in the emergency department classifies patients according to priority levels of care. Neonates are a vulnerable population and require rapid assessment. Objective: To correlate the priority levels in newborns seen in the paediatric emergency department with admissions, resource consumption, and service times. Patients and Method: Observational study, using the Andorran triage model (MAT-SET) with ePATV4 software database, in paediatric emergencies. Neonates were classified into 3 levels of care established for them as level I resuscitation, level II emergency, and level iii urgent. The correlation between levels of priority and admission and resource consumption were analysed, as well as the time spent on medical care and stay in the emergency department. Results: The study included 1103 infants. The highest priority level was positively correlated with hospital admission (r = 0.66, P<.005) and resource consumption (r = 0.59, P < .005). The medical care times were 126 ± 203, 119 ± 51, and 33 ± 81 min for levels i, ii, and iii, respectively and the stay in emergency department was 150 ± 203, 131 ± 80, and 55 ± 86 min, respectively for these levels (P < .05). Conclusion: The higher level of priority in the care of neonates in the paediatric emergency department was positively correlated with increased need for hospital admission and resource consumption. They also required a longer time for medical care and stay in the emergency department.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Triage/organization & administration , Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Health Resources/statistics & numerical data , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Spain , Time Factors , Retrospective Studies , Length of Stay
10.
S. Afr. med. j. (Online) ; 107(3): 243-247, 2017. ilus
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1271164

ABSTRACT

Background. Triage in the emergency department (ED) is necessary to prioritise management according to the severity of a patient's condition.The South African Triage Scale (SATS) is a hospital-based triage tool that has been adopted by numerous EDs countrywide.Many factors can influence the outcome of a patient's triage result, and evaluation of performance is therefore pivotal.Objectives. To determine how often patients were allocated to the correct triage category and the extent to which they were incorrectly promoted or demoted, and to determine the main reasons for errors in a nurse-led triage system.Methods. Triage forms from a tertiary hospital ED in Gauteng Province, South Africa, were collected over a 1-week period and reviewed retrospectively.Results. A total of 1 091 triage forms were reviewed. Triage category allocations were correct 68.3% of the time. Of the incorrect category assignments, 44.4% of patients were promoted and 55.6% demoted. Patients in the green category were most commonly promoted (29.4%) and patients who should have been in orange were most commonly demoted (35.0%). Trauma patients were more likely to be incorrectly promoted and non-trauma patients to be incorrectly demoted. Mistakes were mainly due to discriminator errors (57.8%), followed by numerical miscalculations (21.5%). The leading omitted discriminators were 'abdominal pain', 'chest pain' and 'shortness of breath'.Conclusions. Mis-triaging using the SATS can be attributed to incorrect or lack of discriminator use, numerical miscalculations and other human errors. Quality control and quality assurance measures must target training in these areas to minimise mis-triage in the ED


Subject(s)
Emergency Service, Hospital , Nurses , Professional Practice , Quality Assurance, Health Care , Self Efficacy , South Africa , Triage/organization & administration
11.
Ciênc. cuid. saúde ; 14(2): 1004-1010, 20/06/2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1121777

ABSTRACT

O estudo teve como objetivo analisar a percepção de enfermeiros sobre o protocolo do sistema de Classificação de Risco Manchester. Pesquisa qualitativa descritiva, realizada em outubro de 2012, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 15 enfermeiros do Serviço de Emergência de um hospital universitário da região sul do Brasil. Os dados foram submetidos à análise temática. Os resultados indicam que o protocolo do Sistema de Classificação de risco de Manchester padroniza a conduta dos profissionais, conferindo segurança para priorizar o risco de usuários que buscam atendimento em serviços de emergência. Além disso, propicia respaldo legal aos profissionais, baseando-se em critérios objetivos e previamente definidos. As dificuldades apontadas para a realização da atividade foram: o desconhecimento da população sobre o protocolo, a precariedade do fluxo de encaminhamento para a rede de serviços de saúde e a resistência da equipe médica a um trabalho conjunto. Conclui-se que a utilização do protocolo do sistema de classificação de Manchester propiciou melhoria na organização do fluxo de usuários no serviço de emergência e na qualidade do atendimento prestado.


The study aimed to analyze the perceptions of nurses regarding the Manchester Risk Classification System Protocol. It is a qualitative descriptive research, accomplished in October 2012, by means of semi-structured interviews with 15 emergency service nurses of a university hospital in southern Brazil. The data were submitted to a thematic analysis. The results indicate that the Manchester Risk Classification System Protocol standardizes the conduct of professionals, giving security to prioritize the risk of users who seek care at emergency services. In addition, it provides legal support to professionals, based on objective and previously defined criteria. The pointed out difficulties for the accomplishment of the activity were: the unawareness of the population about the Protocol, the precariousness of the stream of referrals to the network of health services and medical staff resistance to joint work. It is concluded that the use of the Manchester Risk Classification System Protocol led to improvement in organizing the flow of users in emergency services and in the quality of the provided service.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Triage/organization & administration , Emergency Nursing/organization & administration , /methods , Nurses/organization & administration , Classification/methods , Emergency Service, Hospital/organization & administration , Health Services , Medical Staff/organization & administration
12.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2015. 144 f p. tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-981514

ABSTRACT

Esta pesquisa refere-se ao desenvolvimento de um novo sistema triagem ou classificação de risco para os serviços de urgências e emergências pediátricas e ao estudo de validade e confiabilidade deste instrumento. O primeiro tópico trata de conceitos e fundamentos relacionados à triagem e evidencia a complexidade do tema em vários aspectos. O segundo tópico apresenta as justificativas para o desenvolvimento de um novo sistema de classificação de risco para o contexto de saúde brasileiro, diante das inadequações de se adotar sistemas idealizados em países com desenvolvimento econômico, social e cultural diversos. O terceiro tópico apresenta os objetivos da pesquisa: rever o estado da arte em relação à validade e confiabilidade de sistemas de triagem em crianças, descrever o desenvolvimento de um sistema brasileiro de classificação de risco para urgências e emergências pediátricas e estudar a validade e confiabilidade do novo instrumento. O quarto tópico é uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre a validade e confiabilidade dos sistemas de triagem utilizados na população pediátrica. Localizaram-se estudos sobre sete sistemas de triagem desenvolvidos no Canadá, Reino Unido, EUA, Austrália, Escandinávia e África do Sul. Constatou-se a dificuldade de se comparar o desempenho de diferentes instrumentos, devido à heterogeneidade dos desfechos, das populações e dos contextos de saúde estudados. O quinto tópico descreve o processo de desenvolvimento de um instrumento brasileiro de classificação de risco em pediatria, CLARIPED, a partir do consenso entre especialistas e pré-testes. Justificou-se a escolha da Escala Sul Africana de Triagem como referência, pela sua simplicidade e objetividade e pela semelhança socioeconômica e demográfica entre os dois países. Introduziram-se várias modificações, mantendo-se a mesma logística do processo de triagem em duas etapas: aferição de parâmetros fisiológicos e verificação da presença de discriminadores de urgência. O sexto tópico se refere ao estudo prospectivo de validade e confiabilidade do CLARIPED no setor de emergência pediátrica de um hospital terciário brasileiro, no período de abril a julho de 2013. Uma boa validade de construto convergente foi confirmada pela associação entre os níveis de urgência atribuídos pelo CLARIPED e os desfechos evolutivos utilizados como proxies de urgência (utilização de recursos, hospitalização, admissão na sala de observação e tempo de permanência no setor de emergência). A comparação entre o CLARIPED e o padrão de referência mostrou boa sensibilidade de 0,89 (IC95%=0,78-0,95) e especificidade de 0,98 (IC95%=0,97-0,99) para diagnosticar elevada urgência. A confiabilidade interobservadores, resultou num kappa ponderado quadrático substancial de 0,75 (IC95%: 0,74-0,79). O sétimo e último tópico tece considerações finais sobre dois aspectos: a insuficiência de evidências científicas sobre os sistemas de triagem na população pediátrica e a oportunidade e relevância de se desenvolver um sistema brasileiro de classificação de risco para urgências e emergências pediátricas, válido e confiável, com possibilidades de adoção em âmbito nacional


This research refers to the development of a new triage or risk classification system for the Brazilian Pediatric Emergency Department and the study of the validity and reliability of this instrument. The first topic introduces basic concepts and the complexity of the theme in various aspects. The second topic presents the rationale for the development of a new triage system for children in the Brazilian health context, against the inadequacy of adopting other systems idealized in countries with different economic, social and cultural levels. The third topic presents the objectives of this research: to review the state of the art about validity and reliability of the triage systems used in the pediatric population; to describe the development of a Brazilian risk classification system for pediatric emergencies and to study the validity and reliability of the new instrument. The fourth topic is a review of the literature on studies of validity and reliability of triage systems used in the pediatric population. Studies about seven systems developed in Canada, United Kingdom, USA, Australia, Scandinavia and South Africa were localized. It was found difficult and inadequate to compare the performance of different instruments, due to the heterogeneity of the outcomes, populations and health contexts studied. The fifth topic describes the development of a new Brazilian instrument for risk classification in pediatrics, CLARIPED, based on the consensus among experts and pre-tests. The choice of the South African Triage Scale as a reference were justified by its simplicity and objectivity and by the demographic similarity between the two countries. Several modifications were introduced, but the same logistics of the triage process in two steps was preserved: 1) measurement of physiological parameters as a score of warning signs and 2) checking for the presence of discriminators of urgency. The sixth topic refers to the prospective study of validity and reliability of CLARIPED in the pediatric emergency department of a tertiary hospital in Brazil, from April to July 2013. CLARIPED demonstrated a good prediction of outcomes used as proxies of urgency, like resource utilization, hospitalization, admission in the observation room and length of stay in the Emergency Department, supporting a good construct convergent validity. The comparison between CLARIPED and a reference standard showed a good sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing high urgency (0.89 [95% CI 0.78 -0.95] and 0.98 [95% CI 0.97 -0.99], respectively). Interobserver reliability resulted in a substantial weighted quadratic kappa of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.74 -0.79). The seventh and last topic makes final considerations on two aspects: the insufficiency of scientific evidence about triage systems in the pediatric population, and the opportunity and relevance of developing a valid and reliable Brazilian risk classification system for pediatric emergencies, with possibilities of adoption at a national level


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Reproducibility of Results , Triage/organization & administration , Emergency Medical Services/organization & administration , Pediatric Emergency Medicine/organization & administration , Brazil , Risk
13.
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1270053

ABSTRACT

Objective: Triage is an essential first step in the efficient and effective running of any emergency department. A good triage tool saves lives and reduces mortality. The Triage Early Warning Score (TEWS) is a useful tool used to identify patients in emergency departments who are at risk of deterioration and who may require admission. As this triage tool has only been evaluated to a limited extent; this study assessed its effectiveness in identifying patients at risk of early deterioration to enable timely medical intervention.Design and setting: This was a retrospective study of medical records within the accident and emergency department of an urban public hospital. Outcome measures: The calculated TEWS was compared to one of four possible outcomes viz. discharge within 24 hours; admission to the ward; admission to the intensive care unit (ICU); or death in hospital. Pearson's chi-squared tests and cross-tabulation was used to determine the statistical significance of the association. Results: Of the 265 patient records analysed; 233 (87.9) had a TEWS of 7. Of patients with a TEWS of 7; 53.7were discharged; compared to 18.7with a score ? 7; who were discharged. The average score of the four patients who died was 9.5; and 8.2 for the three admitted to ICU. Higher TEWS were significantly associated with increased admission to hospital and in-hospital deaths (p-value 0.032). Conclusion: An effective triage scoring system ensures that those requiring emergency care are appropriately categorised. Prompt intervention will either reverse further physiological decline or facilitate timely referral to the appropriate service level; including ICU


Subject(s)
Evaluation Study , Hospitals , Quality of Health Care , Triage/organization & administration
14.
Cad. saúde pública ; 25(7): 1439-1454, jul. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-517707

ABSTRACT

Esta revisão discute as intervenções voltadas para solucionar o problema da superlotação dos Serviços de Emergência Hospitalar (SEH), como evidência de baixa efetividade organizacional. Em bases de dados eletrônicas de livre acesso e acesso restrito, os descritores buscados foram "superlotação; emergência; medicina; pronto-socorro". O levantamento identificou 66 citações de intervenções, agrupadas em 47 intervenções afins. A maioria dos trabalhos teve como desenho os estudos observacionais que avaliaram os resultados das intervenções antes e depois. As mais citadas: implantação da unidade de observação dos pacientes graves; implantação do serviço de enfermagem dedicado à admissão, alta e transferência do paciente; instituição de protocolos de saturação operacional e implantação da unidade de pronto-atendimento. Na análise das 21 intervenções para solucionar a superlotação nos SEH, que tiveram resultados favoráveis no evento principal - tempo de permanência no SEH -, 15 tinham relação com a melhoria do fluxo no próprio SEH ou nos setores do hospital, interferindo ativa e positivamente no fluxo interno dos pacientes. As intervenções que aumentaram as barreiras de acesso aos SEH, ou que apenas melhoram a estrutura dos SEH não foram efetivas.


This review discusses interventions aimed at solving the problem of overcrowding in hospital emergency services (HES), characteristic of low organizational effectiveness. In free-access and restricted-access databases, the target descriptors were "overcrowding; emergency; medicine; first aid". The survey identified 66 citations of interventions, grouped in 47 related interventions. The majority of the studies used observational designs that evaluated the results before and after interventions. Of the 47 related interventions, 34 had results for organizational performance. Four were the most frequently cited: implementation of an observation unit for patients already hospitalized and awaiting diagnosis or clinical stabilization; designation of a dedicated nursing station for the patient's admission, discharge, or transfer; establishment of protocols with indicators of operational saturation and implementation of an emergency care unit. Analyzing 21 interventions that were intended to solve overcrowding in HES and with positive results for length-of-stay, 15 were related to patient stream improvement, interfering actively and positively in patient stream. Interventions that increased access barriers or that merely improved the HES structure were ineffective.


Subject(s)
Humans , Crowding , Emergency Service, Hospital/organization & administration , Health Services Needs and Demand/organization & administration , Outcome Assessment, Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Patient Admission/statistics & numerical data , Bed Occupancy/statistics & numerical data , Emergency Service, Hospital , Health Services Needs and Demand , Triage/organization & administration , Triage
17.
Lima; Perú. Instituto Peruano de Seguridad Social. Programa Central de Servicios Especiales (IPSS); 1997. 220 p. ilus.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-229849
18.
J. bras. psiquiatr ; 42(4): 215-7, maio 1993.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-136520

ABSTRACT

As autoras propöem um novo tipo de triagem institucional através da formaçäo de "Grupo de Espera". A experiência adquirida com tal trabalho no IPq-HCFMUSP demonstrou a utilidade desse instrumento para aperfeiçoamento do processo de triagem e para melhoria do grau de esclarecimento e mobilizaçäo dos pacientes. A relaçäo paciente-instituiçäo-terapeuta é analisa teoricamente à luz de algumas teorias psicodinâmicas


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Psychotherapy/standards , Triage/organization & administration , Hospital-Patient Relations , Patient Compliance , Physician-Patient Relations , Sensitivity Training Groups
19.
Momento & perspectiv. saúde ; 4(1/2): 25-6, jan.-dez. 1990.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-122148

ABSTRACT

O autor revisa e opina sobre a importância e mecanismos de funcionamento de sistemas de triagem em emergência, com o objetivo de contribuir para organizaçäo destes setores assim como esclarecer profissionais da saúde que näo exercem esta atividade


Subject(s)
Humans , Emergency Medical Services/organization & administration , Triage/organization & administration , Brazil
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